LEFT() =LEFT(A2,3) : Leftmost characters

RIGHT() =RIGHT(A2,2) : Rightmost characters

MID() =MID(A2,2,4) : Substring by position

LEN() =LEN(A2) : Length of text string

FIND() =FIND("@",A2) : Case sensitive position

SEARCH() =SEARCH("cat",A2) : Case insensitive position

SUBSTITUTE() =SUBSTITUTE(A2,"-","") : Replace text by match

REPLACE() =REPLACE(A2,1,3,"New") : Replace by location

TEXT() =TEXT(A2,"dd-mmm-yyyy") : Format number/date to text

TEXTJOIN() =TEXTJOIN(", ",TRUE,A2:A5) : Concatenate range with delimiter

CONCAT() =CONCAT(A2:A5) : Join text ignoring delimiter

CONCATENATE() =CONCATENATE(A2," ",B2) : Legacy join

TRIM() =TRIM(A2) : Remove extra spaces

UPPER() =UPPER(A2) : Convert to uppercase

LOWER() =LOWER(A2) : Convert to lowercase

PROPER() =PROPER(A2) : Capitalize each word

VALUE() =VALUE(A2) : Convert text to number

EXACT() =EXACT(A2,B2) : Case-sensitive text compare

CHAR() =CHAR(10) : Character by code

CODE() =CODE("A") : ASCII code of char