IF(): IF( Profit>0, "Positive","Negative" ) : Conditional branching

SWITCH(): SWITCH( TRUE(), Score>=90,"A", Score>=80,"B","Other" ) : Multiple condition branches

AND(): AND( FlagA, FlagB ) : Logical AND

OR(): OR( FlagA, FlagB ) : Logical OR

NOT(): NOT( IsComplete ) : Logical NOT

TRUE(): TRUE() : Boolean constant

FALSE(): FALSE() : Boolean constant

COALESCE(): COALESCE( Value, 0 ) : Return first non-blank argument

ISBLANK(): ISBLANK( Notes ) : Check for blank

ISNUMBER(): ISNUMBER( Value ) : Check if numeric

ISTEXT(): ISTEXT( Value ) : Check if text

ERROR(): IFERROR( Expression, 0 ) : Handle errors gracefully

HASONEVALUE(): HASONEVALUE( Customer[State] ) : Test for single value in context

ISFILTERED(): ISFILTERED( Orders[Region] ) : Test if column has filter

ISINSCOPE(): ISINSCOPE( Date[Month] ) : Test if column in current hierarchy level