The Nature of Recursion:

Recursion is a programming technique in which a function calls itself, either
directly or indirectly, to solve a problem. A recursive function solves a problem
by breaking it down into smaller instances of the same problem until a simple
case is reached. This simple case, known as the base case, stops further
recursive calls.

Recursion is especially useful for problems that have a naturally recursive
structure, such as mathematical computations, tree processing, and repeated
subdivision of tasks.