SET autocommit: SET autocommit=0; : Turn off auto-committing for manual control

START TRANSACTION: START TRANSACTION; : Begin explicit transaction block

SAVEPOINT: SAVEPOINT sp1; : Mark point for partial rollback

ROLLBACK TO : ROLLBACK TO sp1; : Undo to save point without ending transaction

COMMIT: COMMIT; : Persist all changes in current transaction

ROLLBACK: ROLLBACK; : Undo all changes in transaction

LOCK TABLES: LOCK TABLES emp WRITE; : Prevent concurrent modification

UNLOCK TABLES: UNLOCK TABLES; : Release explicit table locks

SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL: SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ COMMITTED; : Control concurrency phenomena visibility

SHOW ENGINE INNODB STATUS: SHOW ENGINE INNODB STATUS; : Inspect InnoDB lock and wait information